Munyika yanhasi yemaindasitiri, uko otomatiki uye digitalization Chingwa chedu chemazuva ese, hukama pakati pevanhu nemichina hunosvika pakuwedzera kuwanda. Mafekitori, zvidyarwa zvekugadzira, uye maindasitiri maitiro anotarisana nedambudziko rekubatanidza huwandu hukuru hwe data munguva chaiyo uye kuve nechokwadi chekukurukurirana kusina musono pakati pevashandi nezvivakwa. Mukati meiyi yese tekinoroji chimiro, iyo HMI kuratidza Yakave chidimbu chakakosha chinoshandura manzwisisiro atinonzwisisa kusangana kwevanhu-muchina.
Wakambozvibvunza here kuti vashandisi vanokwanisa sei kutarisa, kudzora, uye kukwenenzvera maitiro akaoma maindasitiri kudaro intuitively? Kuseri kwemashiripiti ndiko Human Machine Interface (HMI), tekinoroji yakashanduka nekukurumidza kupa zvinoonekwa, zvinowanikwa uye zvine hungwaru mhinduro, kuisa ruzivo rwese rwakakodzera uye zvidzoreso zvinodikanwa pakarepo kana kunyange nekungobata.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi HMI kuratidza?
Kana tichitaura nezve HMI kuratidza tinoreva a mudziyo wemagetsi, kazhinji uine chidzitiro chekubata kana mabhatani emuviri, anoshanda sebhiriji pakati peanoshanda neautomated system kana muchina. izvo zvinodzora. Basa rayo guru nderekushandura zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri mune chimwe chinhu zvinoonekwa, zvekudyidzana uye zvinobatsira, zvichibvumira kutarisisa kwemamiriro azvino uye kuita sarudzo-pakubhururuka.
Iyo HMI (Human-Machine Interface) yakazvarwa kuti ipindure kune chakajeka chinodiwa: ita kuti data uye zvidzoreso zvemichina yakaoma inowanikwa uye inonzwisisika, kubvisa kutsamira pamapanera akazara nemwenje uye mabhatani akange asiri nyore nguva dzose kunzwisisa kana kushanda. Kufambira mberi uku kwakareva kusvetuka kwehunhu mu usability uye kubudirira zvezvinomera zvemaindasitiri zvemazuva ano.
Mazuvano, kana totaura nezvazvo HMI kuratidza Isu tiripo muzvikamu zvakawanda zvakaita semotokari, chikafu, mishonga, simba, manejimendi emvura uye zvakakosha zvivakwa, kungotaura mienzaniso mishoma. HMIs haingoshande senge control panel asiwo se nerve centre yekuratidzira, kuongororwa, uye kugadzirisa.
Chii chinonzi HMI kuratidza chinoshandiswa uye nei ichikosha?
Kubatsira kwe a HMI kuratidza Inoenda kure kupfuura kupa ruzivo rwekuona nezve maindasitiri maitiro. Kukosha kwaro kuri mazviri inoisa pakati pekutarisa, kutonga, kuongorora uye kupindura kune zviitiko, iyo inoshandura mukunyatso optimization yekambani masisitimu uye zviwanikwa.
Kutenda kune HMI skrini, vashandisi vanogona:
- Ona data uye magirafu munguva chaiyo, iyo inobvumira kuona kwakajeka kwechimiro chemichina, maitiro, matangi mazinga, tembiricha, kumanikidza, nezvimwe.
- Dzora uye shandisa midziyo kuburikidza nemabhatani chaiwo, switch kana kubata zvidhinha, kufambisa kutanga-up, kugadzirisa uye kuvharika kwemuchina zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvenguva yacho.
- Gadzirisa parameters uye gadzirisa marongero kuti upindure kune shanduko yekugadzira mamiriro pasina kudikanwa kwekupindira kwakaoma kwehunyanzvi.
- Ziva uye gadzirisa maaramu nekukasira, kuvandudza kugona kuita kune chero anomaly kana kutadza, kuderedza nguva yekudzikira uye njodzi.
- Svika zvinyorwa, madhayagiramu uye ruzivo rwehunyanzvi zvakananga kubva kune iyo interface pachayo, iyo inokurumidza kukurumidza kuongororwa uye kugadzirisa.
HMI inoratidza Vanobvumira maitiro ekugadzira kuti ave akachengeteka, anoshanda zvakanyanya uye anochinjika., iyo inomiririra shanduko yechokwadi muindasitiri.
Mabasa makuru eHMI skrini
ari HMI inoratidza Ivo vanotarisisa zvakatevedzana zvakakosha zvinoshanda, zvakagadzirirwa kupa mushandisi uye matekiniki zvishandiso zvine simba asi zvinosvikika. Mabasa ayo makuru anosanganisira:
- Kuona data yakakosha. Ruzivo rwakakosha rwekudyara runoratidzwa intuitively kuburikidza nemagirafu, dhayagiramu, zviratidzi, matafura, uye maaramu ekuona, kufambisa kunzwisisa uye chaiyo-nguva yekuita sarudzo.
- Interactive control. Ivo havangoratidzi ruzivo chete, asi zvakare vanokutendera iwe kuita pane muchina: kutanga, kumira, kugadzirisa ma paramita, uye kuita chaiyo mirairo, zvese kubva pachiratidziro chimwe.
- Configuration uye programming. Ivo vanofambisa kugadziridzwa kwereferenzi kukosha, tsananguro yeanoshanda sequences, uye kuchinjika kwehurongwa kune zvitsva zvinodiwa pasina hukuru hwehunyanzvi matambudziko.
- Kuongororwa uye kuchengetedza. Ivo vanopa mukana kune matanda ezviitiko, nhoroondo yealarm, uye maturusi ekuongorora, kugadzirisa matambudziko, pamwe nekuwana akakodzera magwaro ehunyanzvi.
- Kubatana. Mazhinji HMI anoratidza anobvumira kubatanidzwa nemamwe masisitimu akadai seSCADA kana PLC, kuchinjanisa data kuburikidza neakawanda maindasitiri maprotocol, uye kunyange kuwana kure kana kuwana kubva kune nharembozha.
HMI inoratidzira inoshanda sei?
Kushanda kwe a HMI kuratidza yakavakirwa pa kugamuchira, kugadzirisa uye kuratidzwa kwekuona data kubva kuhurongwa kana muchina unoutonga. Kazhinji, iyo HMI yakabatana nea Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) uye akasiyana masensa uye actuators kuburikidza neindasitiri network.
Nenzira yakapfava, maitiro acho ndeaya anotevera:
- ari sensor uye zvishandiso zvemumunda zvinounganidza ruzivo rwezvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri (tembiricha, kumanikidzwa, nyika, nezvimwewo).
- ari PLC Ivo vanogashira iyi data uye vanoigadzira zvinoenderana neiyo logic inotsanangurwa yekudzora chirimwa kana muchina.
- La HMI kuratidza Iyo "inodhonza" iyo data munguva chaiyo, inoidudzira, uye inoiratidza nekuona, ichibvumira mushandisi kuti anzwisise mamiriro ekuita uye kuita pairi kana zvichidikanwa.
- Iyo mirairo yakapinda nemushandisi kuburikidza nechidzitiro inotumirwa kuPLC, iyo inoita zviito zvakakodzera mukuiswa.
Nekudaro, iyo HMI ndiyo inooneka chiso che automation, uye dhizaini yayo inoita basa rakakosha mukubudirira uye kuchengetedzwa kwechirimwa.
Mhando dzeHMI kuratidza uye maitiro avo
musika unopa mhando dzakasiyana dzeHMI kuratidza yakachinjirwa kune akasiyana siyana masekete, zvinodiwa uye nharaunda. Iwo makuru typologies ndeaya:
- HMI Touchscreens: Vave chiyero chekutenda kune kwavo nyore kushandisa, kuchinjika, uye kuwanda-kubata-kubata. Vanogona kuva teknolojia kuzorodza (yakakodzera nzvimbo dzakaoma kana nemagirovhosi) kana capacitive (zvakanyanya kunzwisisika, zvakafanana neizvo zvatinoshandisa panharembozha).
- HMI ine keypad kana mabhatani emuviri: Yakanakira munzvimbo umo huruva, humidity kana vibrations zvinogona kuita kuti kubata kunetse kushandisa. Kunyange zvazvo iri shoma “yemazuva ano,” yakasimba uye yakavimbika.
- PC-based HMIs kana maindasitiri terminals: Ivo vanobatanidza chiratidziro muPC sisitimu inogona kumhanya yakaoma maapplication, kubata mavhoriyamu makuru e data, kana kubata magiraidhi epamusoro. Yakakwana yekutarisa kwakazara uye chaiyo-nguva yekuongorora yemiti yakaoma.
- Mobile HMIs: Tablet- kana handheld-based solutions dzakanakira kuremedza kana pakuenda-yekutarisa uye kutonga, zvese mufekitori uye kubva chero nzvimbo ine network yekuwana.
Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kuwana skrini ne IP kudzivirirwa (isingapindi mvura uye isingapindi guruva), ine dzimba dzakasimbiswa kana modhi dzakamanikana dzenzvimbo diki.
Zvakanakira kubatanidza pani PC seHMI
Mumakore achangopfuura, maitiro muindasitiri akachinja akananga kushandiswa kwe Industrial Panel PC senge HMI mhinduro. Zvishandiso izvi zvinosanganisa simba rekombuta yeindasitiri nekushanda kwechekikirini mune imwechete compact unit, ichipa zvakakosha zvakakosha:
- Kunyanya kushandisa nzvimbo: Nekubatanidza komputa uye kuratidza mune imwechete unit, iyo cabling uye yekunze zvikamu zvakaderedzwa, zviri nyore kuisa uye kugadzirisa.
- Superior processing simba uye ndangariro, kufambisa kutungamirirwa kwezvikumbiro zvakaoma, kuona kwepamusoro data, uye kuongorora nguva chaiyo.
- Kusimba uye kuramba kwemaindasitiri: Panel maPC akagadzirirwa kumirisana nemamiriro akanyanya kudiwa (vibrations, tembiricha yakanyanyisa, guruva, humidity, nezvimwewo).
- Kubatana kwakakura: Anowanzo sanganisira akawanda Ethernet ports, USB, serial interfaces uye tsigiro yeakasiyana maprotocol eindasitiri, kufambisa kubatanidzwa nemhando dzese masisitimu uye midziyo yekutenderera.
- Intuitive uye customizable interface, nesoftware inobvumidza iwe kugadzira zvidzitiro zvetsika, zvakagadziridzwa kushanda chaiko kwemushandisi wega wega.
Mhedzisiro iyi inogoneka, ino scalable chikuva yakagadzirira kusangana nezvino uye neramangwana matambudziko eindasitiri otomatiki.
Chaiyo-hupenyu maapplication eHMI anoratidza
ari HMI inoratidza Varipo chero kwavanodiwa kutonga, kuona uye kutonga kwedata munguva chaiyo nezvemaitiro, midziyo kana michina. Mimwe mienzaniso yekushandisa:
- Indasitiri yekugadzira uye mitsetse yekugadzira: yekutarisa, kutonga uye optimization yekugadzira, alarm manejimendi, parameter kugadzirisa, batch tracking, nezvimwe.
- ZveMotokari: dhizaini mutsara wekutonga, mabhenji ekuyedza, robhoti uye manipulator manejimendi, nezvimwe.
- Indasitiri yemishonga neyekudya: kutevedza kwemitemo, kutarisa kwemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma (tembiricha, kumanikidza, humidity), batch traceability uye BATCH process automation.
- Infrastructure management: magetsi emagetsi, zvidyarwa zvemvura, kuvaka air conditioning, mwenje weruzhinji, masisitimu enjanji, nezvimwe.
- Michina yekurapa neyemagetsi: kutarisa, kure kure uye kufungidzira kuchengetedza kwemaitiro akaoma uye akaoma.
- Mamiriro ezuva nezuva: kubva ATM kusvikira dzora masikirini emota dzemazuvano, chikamu chinoratidza kuti maHMI atove chikamu chehupenyu hwedu hwemazuva ese kupfuura indasitiri.
Kusiyana pakati peHMI neSCADA
Zvakakosha kusiyanisa pakati HMI y SCADA (Kudzora Kudzora Uye Kuwana Dhata). Panguva iyo HMI rinotarisa pane kudyidzana kwakananga pakati pemushandisi nemuchina kana maitiro, iyo system SCADA Ipuratifomu yakakura kupfuura inotarisisa uye inodzora michina yakawanda, zvidyarwa kana zvivakwa pakati. Un SCADA inobatanidza zvakawanda HMI uye mamwe maturusi epamusoro ekutarisisa, kuongorora nhoroondo, alarm manejimendi, uye nezvimwe zvakawanda, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inosarudzika kana zvasvika kune maindasitiri network kana akakura-akakosha masisitimu.
Zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo pakusarudza HMI kuratidza
Kwete yose HMI inoratidza Iwo haana kufanana uye haashandi kune chero application. Usati wasarudza imwe modhi, zvakakosha kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita se:
- Nzvimbo yekushandisa: Inzvimbo yakachena here kana kuti pane huruva, mwando, tembiricha yakanyanyisa…?
- Screen size uye resolution zvichienderana nenzvimbo iripo uye huwandu hweruzivo runofanira kuratidzwa.
- Rudzi rweInterface: kubata, mabhatani emuviri, hybrid, inotakurika, nezvimwe.
- Kutaurirana nekubatana: kuenderana nePLC, SCADA, maindasitiri network, mapuroteni (Ethernet, Modbus, Profinet, nezvimwewo).
- Chiyero chekusimba uye chiyero chekudzivirira (IP, kukanganisa kuramba, nezvimwewo).
- Kureruka kwekugadzirisa uye kushandiswa zvese zvemushandisi wekupedzisira uye zvekugadzirisa matekiniki.
Kiyi iri mukati Sarudza mhinduro inoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvekushandisa uye inobvumira kuwedzera mune ramangwana kana kubatanidzwa pasina matambudziko makuru..
