Wakambozvibvunza here kuti zvinokwanisika sei kuona kupisa kunoitwa nezvinhu kana kuziva matambudziko akavanzika mumba kana gadziriro yemagetsi pasina kuvhura madziro kana kupatsanura chero chinhu? Microbolometers ndiyo kiyi yetekinoroji inoita kuti izvi zvigoneke, kuve ivo vechokwadi protagonists yeanopisa makamera uye thermography zvishandiso izvo zvino zvave kuwanikwa kune dzakasiyana siyana zvikamu, kubva kuindasitiri kusvika kune chengetedzo uye mushonga.
Muchikamu chino, tichanyura mukati menyika ye microbolometer: kuti chii chaizvo, mashandiro ayo, izvo zvakanakira zvazvinofananidzwa nemamwe matekinoroji, mune zvipi zvikumbiro zvakakosha, uye nei zvachinja nzira yatinoongorora nharaunda isingaonekwe neziso remunhu. Kana iwe uchida kunzwisisa sainzi kuseri kwekufungidzira kwekupisa, zvakavanzika zvehunyanzvi zvema sensors e infrared, uye tsvaga akawanda mashandisiro ari kutoshandura maindasitiri nenzvimbo dzemazuva ese, ramba uchiverenga nekuti tichakuudza zvese nenzwi rine hushamwari uye pasina zvisina kufanira tekinoroji jargon.
Chii chinonzi microbolometer uye chii chinoita kuti ive yakakosha?
A microbolometer imhando yepamusoro ye sensor sensor inoshandiswa kunyanya mumakamera ekupisa uye infrared. Chaizvoizvo, i detector ye infrared radiation, inowanzonzwa kune wavelengths pakati pe8 ne 14 micrometers (µm), bhendi mukati meiyo electromagnetic spectrum inozivikanwa se thermal infrared. Chinhu chavo chikuru ndechekuti, kusiyana nemamwe ma detectors echinyakare, microbolometers haidi kutonhora masisitimu, ayo anorerutsa mashandiro avo, anoderedza mutengo, uye anowedzera kutakura kwavo.
Chimiro cheiyo microbolometer inoumbwa nemhando yepixels, imwe neimwe ine kupisa-kunzwa. Kana infrared radiation kubva pachinhu ichirova sensor surface, Iyo inonwisa zvinhu zve microbolometer inopisa zvakanyanya sekupisa kwakagamuchirwa, zvichiita shanduko yekudzivirira magetsiShanduko iyi inopimwa yoshandurwa kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi, icho chinozogadziriswa kuti chibudise mufananidzo unodziya unooneka pachiratidziri.
Nekuda kwekugona kwavo kushanda patembiricha yekamuri, ma microbolometers akadzora kushandiswa kweiyo thermography, achiiendesa kune veruzhinji, maindasitiri, ekuvaka, uye chengetedzo zvikamu kunze kwekutanga kushandiswa kwemauto nesainzi.
Ko microbolometer inoshanda sei mukati meiyo thermal imaging kamera?
Mwoyo wekamera inodziya ndiyo microbolometer, asi iyo yese yekupisa yekufungidzira maitiro inosanganisira akati wandei akakosha matanho. Ngativaparadze.
- Special infrared lens: Iyo lenzi yekamera yekufungidzira yekupisa inofanirwa kubvumira mwaranzi ye infrared kupfuura. Haikwanise kugadzirwa negirazi rakajairika, sezvo izvi zvinoivhara. Naizvozvo, zvinhu zvakaita se germanium, zinc selenide, calcium fluoride, kana sapphire zvinoshandiswa, kuve nechokwadi kuti radiation iri pakati pe7 ne14 µm inosvika sensor.
- Iyo yekupisa sensor (microbolometer): Infrared radiation inopfuura nemu lens uye inosvika kune microbolometer array, inoumbwa nezviuru zvepixels. Pixel yega yega inobata yakazvimirira: kupisa kwakanyudzwa kunogadzirisa kuramba kwayo kwemagetsi uye kuburitsa chiratidzo chidiki chemagetsi chinoenzana netembiricha yakaonekwa panguva iyoyo chaiyo.
- Signal processing: Iyo kamera inounganidza ese aya masaini emagetsi kubva kune yega pixel uye, uchishandisa masvomhu algorithms uye akafanotsanangurwa matafura emavara, anoashandura kuita mufananidzo unopisa. Nenzira iyi, Rudzi rumwe norumwe kana kusimba mumufananidzo kunomiririra tembiricha yakasiyana, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakajeka uye zviri nyore kududzira mifananidzo.
Kubatsira kukuru kwema microbolometers ndeyekuti vanogona kushanda patembiricha yekamuri, pasina nzira yekutonhodza kana zvikamu zvinofamba, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore, compact, uye yakasimba. Iyi yanga iri shanduko yechokwadi kana ichienzaniswa neyekare infrared detectors, iyo yaida inodhura uye yakapfava yekutonhodza masisitimu.
Akakosha ehunyanzvi maficha eiyo microbolometer
Iyo microbolometer yakavakirwa pamisimboti yemuviri uye hunyanzvi hunhu hunotaridza kuita kwayo uye mashandisiro:
- Spectral sensitivity: Ivo vanonyanya kuvhara huwandu hwe8 kusvika ku14 µm, kunova ndiko kunogadzirwa yakawanda yemwaranzi yekupisa kubva kumitumbi yepasi.
- Pixel matrix: Iwo anowanzo kugadzirwa nearrays kubva pa80x80 kusvika 640x480 pixels kana kupfuura. Iyo yakawanda mapixels, iyo yakakwirira kugadzirisa kwemufananidzo wekupisa.
- Zvishandiso: Sensors inogona kugadzirwa nesimbi oxides, amorphous silicon, kana zvakakosha zvinhu zvakaita seVOx (vanadium oxide) kana Si: IR (infrared-doped silicon), yakasarudzwa nekuda kwekunzwa kwavo kwakanyanya uye kugadzikana kwekupisa.
- Nguva yekupindura: Ivo vanogona kuona kudiki uye nekukurumidza kusiyanisa tembiricha, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha mumashandisirwo ane simba.
Thermal resolution, senitivity uye kuyerwa kwechiyero hunhu hunoenderana neiyo microbolometer uye inotevera yemagetsi kugadzirisa.
Microbolometer-based thermal imaging systems: chimiro uye kufamba kwebasa
Iyo yakakwana yekupisa kamera inosanganisa kwete chete iyo microbolometer, asiwo zvimwe zvakakosha zvikamu. Heino mashandiro avanoita pamwe chete:
- Specialized lenses uye optics: Ivo vanounganidza infrared radiation uye vanoitarisa pane iyo sensor.
- Microbolometer: inobata mwaranzi uye inoishandura kuita shanduko mukudzivirira kwemagetsi.
- Signal processor: anoshandura shanduko idzi kuita masaini edhijitari uye anoadudzira achishandisa algorithms anoshandura tembiricha kuita ruvara kana greyscale.
- Screen uye kuratidza system: inoratidza mufananidzo unoguma, kungave kuburikidza nekuona, LCD skrini kana kunyange munguva chaiyo kune ekunze zvishandiso.
Iyo yakabatanidzwa dhizaini yeaya masisitimu inobvumira kufungidzira kwakadzama kwekusiyana kwekushisa, izvo zvakakosha kune akawanda ehunyanzvi uye esainzi mashandisirwo.
Sei microbolometers yakatsiva yekare yakatonhodzwa madetector?
Kusvika makore mashoma apfuura, tekinoroji yekufungidzira yekudziya yaive yakaoma uye ichidhura nekuda kwekudiwa kwekutonhodza infrared sensors uchishandisa cryocoolers kana zvimwe midziyo yakakura. Microbolometers yakashandura zvakanyanya panorama iyi. nekuda kwekushandiswa kwayo mumakamuri asina kutonhorera, izvo zvinoguma:
- Mutengo wakaderera: Nekubvisa masisitimu ekutonhodza, kugadzira kwavo nekugadzirisa zvinokwanisika.
- Kunyanya kutakurika uye nyore: Iwo madiki, akareruka, uye haadi zvidimbu zvinofamba, saka anosimuka zvakanaka kuti arambe achishandiswa.
- Kushandiswa kwakaderedzwa: Anogona kushandiswa nemabhatiri akajairika uye anoshanda kwenguva yakareba pasina kupisa kana kurasikirwa nemazvo.
- Kuwanika: Kuzivikanwa kwayo kwakabvumira thermography kuti ifambe kupfuura nzvimbo dzemauto nesainzi kuti isvike kuindasitiri, kuvaka, uye kuchengetedzeka kwekugara.
Kunyange zvazvo ma sensors akatonhodzwa achiri kudarika microbolometers mukunzwa kwakanyanya uye mararamiro emhando yepamusoro yezvikumbiro, 99% yezvido zvemabhizimisi uye zvehurumende zvakatopfuura kudarika zvinosangana ne microbolometric sensors nhasi.
Ndeapi mashandisirwo makuru uye mashandisirwo emicrobolometers?
Iko kushandiswa kweiyo microbolometer kunoshamisa: inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakawanda. Aya ndiwo maapplication anonyanya kukosha, akaunganidzwa kubva muzviitiko muzvikamu zvakasiyana uye nemhedzisiro inomira pawebhu:
Indasitiri uye inofanotaura kuchengetedza
Microbolometer-based thermal imaging makamera akashandura kugadzirisa kwemaindasitiri. Kutenda nekugona kwayo tsvaga nzvimbo dzinopisa mumakina, zvikamu zvemagetsi, mota uye masisitimu ekugovera, fambisa kuzivikanwa kwekukanganisa kusati kwave kuparara kwakanyanya, zvichibvumira nzvimbo ye:
- Kupisa kusina kujairika mumagetsi emagetsi uye mapurisa ekudzora.
- Kupokana mumamota nemichina yemagetsi, zviratidzo zvekusakara kana kusazora mafuta.
- Kusaenzana kana kuwandisa mumaseketi emagetsi.
- Zvisungo zvakakanganiswa kana zvisina kugadzirwa zvakanaka.
- Insulation yakashata mumhepo inofefetera kana midziyo yefiriji.
- Kubuda kana kuvharika mumapombi.
- Mapoinzi akakosha mumatangi emakemikari nemareactor.
- Kudzivirira moto uye zvinogona kukanganisa.
Kuvaka, kushanda nesimba uye chitupa
Mukuvaka, iyo microbolometer chishandiso chakakosha chekuongorora kugona kwesimba kwezvivakwa uye kuona matambudziko angave asingakwanisi kuona neziso rakashama. Nekuda kwazviri, unogona:
- Wona kupisa kunobuda mumadziro, sirin'i nemahwindo.
- Tsvaga kunyorova, kudonha uye mabhiriji ekupisa.
- Ziva kuvharisa kana kusipo.
- Kudzora kugovera kwekupisa mukupisa uye kutonhora masisitimu.
Microbolometer kuongororwa inokurumidza, isingapindiki, uye inoonekwa zvakanyanya, inofambisa kuita sarudzo uye kuchengetedza simba.
Chengetedzo, kununura uye kutariswa
Makamera anopisa ane microbolometers akashandura kuchengetedza masisitimu. Zvino zvinogoneka:
- Monitor perimeters, kunyangwe murima rakazara, nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuona kupisa kwevanhu kana mhuka.
- Ona kuburikidza nemhute, utsi, kana zvinomera zvakapfava.
- Ziva vanopinda, stowaways, kana mhuka dzinopinda panzvimbo kana nzvimbo.
- Kuzivikanwa kwekutanga kwemoto kuburikidza nenguva chaiyo yekushisa shanduko yekuongorora.
- Kutsvaga vanhu panguva yekununura mabasa mumamiriro ekukurumidzira akadai sekudengenyeka kwenyika kana mafungu.
Aya maficha anoita kuti microbolometer ive chinhu chakakosha chemazuva ano vhidhiyo yekutarisa masisitimu, ese akagadziriswa uye anofamba.
Mushonga, mushonga wemhuka uye biological monitoring
Muminda yekurapa uye yemhuka, infrared thermography ine microbolometers inoshandiswa kuongorora maitiro ekupisa mumuviri. Zvishandiso zvayo zvinosanganisira:
- Kuonekwa kwekukuvara kwemukati kuburikidza nekuchinja kwekutenderera kana kuzvimba.
- Kuzivikanwa kwekutanga kwehutachiona kana kupisa muvanhu nemhuka.
- Kudzora kuyerera kweropa uye kuporesa maronda.
- Kusina kuonana kure kutarisa mune denda kana denda mamiriro.
Iyi ongororo isingaite inobvumira kuongororwa kwekutanga uye inoderedza njodzi kune varwere nevashandi vehutano.
General uye ari kubuda zvikumbiro
Iko kushandiswa kweiyo microbolometer kunoramba kuchiwedzera, kunosanganisira nzvimbo nyowani senge magetsi grid monitoring, electronic circuit inspection, yakakosha infrastructure monitoring, uye ecosystem kuchengetedza. Tekinoroji iri kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvechikamu, uye sezvo mitengo inodzikira, inotarisirwa kuwedzera kuwanda mudzimba uye mazuva ese.
Ramangwana rema microbolometers rine chinangwa chekuwedzera kugadzirisa, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba, uye kuvandudza kunzwisisika, kufambisa kubatanidzwa kwavo mumidziyo midiki inowedzera uye chaiyo-nguva yekugadzira intelligence application.
Kutenda kune microbolometers, "isingaoneki" nyika yekupisa yave ichionekwa uye inobatsira kune wese. Masensa aya haasisiri mashoma mumarabhoritari echiuto kana esainzi uye ave kuwanikwa kumaindasitiri makuru, kuvaka, chengetedzo, nenyanzvi dzekurapa, uye kunyangwe kune vashandisiwo zvavo vari kutsvaga kudzivirira njodzi, kuvandudza kugona kwesimba, kana kutarisira kuparara. Kana iwe uri kutarisa kuti unzwisise uye ushandise mukana wekupisa kwekufungidzira, iyo microbolometer ndiyo kiyi yetekinoroji iri kushandura nzira yatinoona nayo chokwadi.
