Zvichida wakanga usingamuzivi, kana kuti zvimwe waimuziva. Chero zvazvingava, pano tichaedza kukuratidza chimwe chinhu zvakawanda nezve inductive sensor, chikamu chinonakidza kwazvo chemagetsi mapurojekiti ako, chinopa mabasa matsva neichi chikamu chitsva chatakawedzera kwachiri rondedzero yezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi izvo zvatakambokurukura kare.
Iwe unozogona kudzidza kuti iyi inductive sensor chii, kuti inoshanda sei, ndeyei, nezvimwe. Nenzira iyi, unogona kutanga kuisanganisira mune yako ramangwana DIY mapurojekiti…
Chii chinonzi inductive sensor?
Un Inductive sensor chinhu chemagetsi chinoona kuvepo kwezvinhu zvesimbi pasina kudikanwa kwekusangana kwenyama. Ivo vanoshanda zvinoenderana nemusimboti we electromagnetic induction, vachigadzira iyo oscillating magineti yakatenderedza coil yavo yemukati.
Kana chinhu chesimbi chasvika pandima iyi, Eddy currents anogadzirwat mairi, izvo zvinozoita kuti inopesana nemagineti inoshandura iyo inductance ye sensor coil. Uku kusiyanisa inductance kunoshandurirwa muchiratidzo chemagetsi chinoratidza kuvapo kwechinhu chesimbi.
Patakataura nezve transformer ndakatoita sumo nezvayo, asi kana ukasarangarira, eddy currents, anozivikanwawo se eddy, eddy kana turbillon currents, ichiitiko chemagetsi chakawanikwa neFrench physicist Léon Foucault muna 1851. Zvinoitika kana conductor ari mune inoshanduka magineti, kana iyo conductor inofamba mune magineti.
Chinja mu simba remagineti kana kufamba kwehama kunokonzera kutenderera kwema electrons, kana kuti induced current, mukati memutyairi. Aya denderedzwa eddy currents anogadzira maelectromagnets ane magineti minda anopokana nemhedzisiro yemagineti akaiswa (ona Lenz's Law). Iyo yakasimba iyo inoshandiswa magineti, kana iyo yakakura conductivity ye conductor, kana yakakura kukurumidza kukurumidza kwekufamba, kunowedzera eddy mafungu uye anopikisa minda inogadzirwa ...
Zvakanakira uye ganhuriro
Kutenda ku Vanongoona zvinhu zvesimbi, inogona kuve yakanakisa imwe nzira yekuvapo ma sensors anoona marudzi ese ezvinhu. Nenzira iyi, inongoburitsa kubuda kana ichinge yaona chimwe chinhu chesimbi, uye kwete nekuvapo kwechimwe chinhu ... Mukuwedzera, ine zvimwe zvakanakira:
- Pasina kubatana kwenyama: Izvo hazvidi kubata kwemuviri nechinhu chakaonekwa, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakira maapplication uko kusangana kunogona kukuvadza chinhu kana sensor.
- Kunyatsojeka uye kuvimbika: kupa kwakarurama uye kwakavimbika kuonekwa kwezvinhu zvesimbi.
- Hupenyu hurefu hunobatsira: Iwo maturusi akasimba anogona kumirisana nemamiriro ekunze akaipa.
- Kuisa nyore uye kugadzirisa: Izvo zviri nyore kuisa uye kuchengetedza.
Zvisinei, panewo zvimwe zvisingakwanisi:
- Vanongoona simbi chete: Vanongokwanisa kuona zvinhu zvesimbi.
- Nhamba shoma: Iyo yekuona huwandu inoganhurwa nehukuru uye chimiro checoil.
- Sensitivity kune electromagnetic kupindira: Vanogona kunge vachinzwa nekukanganiswa kwemagetsi kubva kune mamwe maturusi.
Inductive Sensor Zvikamu
Pamusoro pezvikamu kana inductive sensor zvikamu, zvinotevera zvinofanira kutaurwa:
- Coil: inoshanda kugadzira iyo oscillating magineti uye ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoona inductance mutsauko.
- Oscillator circuit: inogadzira iyo inochinjika ikozvino inopa simba coil uye inogadzirisa iyo inductance masaini kuti ibudise inobuda chiratidzo.
- Kuenda: Inogona kuva analog kana digital, zvichienderana nerudzi rwe sensor. Chiratidzo chekubuda chinoratidza kuvapo kana kusavapo kwechinhu chesimbi, uye mune dzimwe nguva, kureba kwayo kana kumhanya.
- Nyaya- Inodzivirira zvinhu zvemukati uye inopa nzira yekukwira ye sensor.
Mhando dze inductive sensors
Kunewo akati wandei marudzi e inductive sensors izvo zvaunofanira kuziva, senge:
- Cylindrical: Ndiwo anonyanya kuzivikanwa uye anoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa.
- Rectangular: Vanopa nzvimbo yakakura yekuona uye inobatsira pakuona zvinhu zvakakura kana zvisina kujairika.
- Flush: Ivo vanokwira flush kune inonzwa pamusoro, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune maapplication ane nzvimbo shoma.
- Pakati pe slot: Iwo anoshandiswa kuona zvinhu zvichipfuura nepaburi kana kuvhura.
Zvingabvira kunyorera
Kana ari zvinogoneka zvikumbiro ye inductive sensor, tinogona kutaura zvimwe zvakaita se:
- Kuonekwa kuvepo: kuona kuvepo kwezvikamu zvesimbi mumitsara yekugadzira, mabhandi ekutakura uye michina.
- Position control: Izvo zvinoshandiswa kudzora nzvimbo yekufambisa zvinhu zvesimbi.
- Nhamba yezvidimbu: kuverenga zvidimbu zvesimbi zvinopfuura nepanzvimbo chaiyo.
- Industrial Security: kuchengetedza vashandi kubva munzvimbo dzine njodzi dzemichina.
- Industrial otomatiki: Iwo anoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzeindasitiri otomatiki maitiro.
Nzira yekusarudza yakakodzera inductive sensor uye kupi kwekutenga
Paunoenda ku sarudza yakakodzera inductive sensor, Iwe unofanirwa kutarisisa kune akati wandei hunyanzvi maitiro ayo kushanda kwayo kunoenderana:
- Detection range: nhambwe iyo sensor inogona kuona chinhu chesimbi.
- Oscillation frequency: inosarudza kuwanda kweiyo inotsinhanisa ikozvino inopa simba coil.
- Saizi yechinhu chinobatika- Hushoma saizi yechinhu chesimbi icho sensor inogona kuona.
- Chinhu chinobatika: imhando yesimbi iyo sensor inogona kuona.
- Buda: inobuda chiratidzo cherudzi (analog kana dhijitari) uye voltage kana yazvino renji. Izvi zvakakosha kune purojekiti yako, zvichienderana nekuti ndezvipi zvimwe zvinhu zvauri kuzobatanidza nazvo (microcontrollers, mabhodhi ekuvandudza,...).
- Tembiricha kuramba: ndiyo yakanyanya tembiricha iyo sensor inogona kushanda pasina kukuvara.
- Dhigirii rekudzivirira: inoreva nhanho yekudzivirira ye sensor kubva kuguruva, humidity uye mamwe ekunze vamiririri.
Unogona tsvaga inductive sensor modhi yemapurojekiti ako yekugadzira muzvitoro zvine hunyanzvi, asiwo pamapuratifomu akadai seAliexpress, Amazon, eBay, nezvimwe. Pano tinokurudzira mamwe mamodheru:
Vanoda kuchengetedzwa here?
Chekupedzisira, uye zvisinganyanyi kukosha, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti iyo inductive sensors inoda kugadziriswa kudzivirira kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwayo uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo hunobatsira. Kunyangwe iwo ari akasimba uye akavimbika zvishandiso, kuratidzwa kune zvakatipoteredza zvinhu uye kuenderera kushandiswa kunogona kukanganisa kuita kwavo nekufamba kwenguva.
- Nekuchengetedza kwakakodzera, iwe unofanirwa kuchenesa chero tsvina yekunze inogona kunge ichiunganidza, senge guruva, masara egirisi, pakati pevamwe. Nenzira iyi, icharamba ichichengetedza kunzwisiswa kwayo uye kunyatsoona. Unogona kungoshandisa jira rakachena, rakaoma microfiber, kana kushandisa mweya wakamanikidzwa. Asi usambofa washandisa makemikari akadai semigero, zvinonyungudutsa, zvinobvisa girisi, nezvimwewo, sezvazvinogona kukuvadza. Iyo casing inodzivirira zvakasara zvezvikamu, uye zvakakosha kuibata zvakanaka kuti isaputsika, ngura, nezvimwe.
- Gara uchitarisa dhairekitori remudziyo waunenge watenga kuti uone kana ichida kuenzanisa, uye huwandu hwetembiricha, voltage, nezvimwewo, iyo inogona kushanda nayo zvakachengeteka.